Shana B Traina,1 Susan D Mathias,2 Hilary H Colwell,2 Ross D Crosby,2–4 Charles Abraham5
1Patient-Reported Outcomes, Janssen Global Services, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA; 2Healthiness Outcomes Solutions, Winter Park, FL, USA; 3Biomedical Statistics & Methodology, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA; 4Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Healthiness Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA; 5Psychology Applied to Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
Background: This study assessed measurement properties of the 17-item Diabetes Intention, Attitude, and Behavior Questionnaire (DIAB-Q), which measures intention to engage in self-care behaviors, including complying with a diabetes diet regimen and engaging in right bodily activity.
Methods: The DIAB-Q involves questions based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Product and services were produced making use of published literature, input from Healthiness care professionals, and qualitative research findings in patients along with and devoid of form 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In Phase I of the study, 23 adults along with T2DM were interviewed to evaluate the content and clarity of the DIAB-Q. In Phase II 1,015 people along with T2DM completed the DIAB-Q and supplemental questionnaires, including the Short Form-36 acute (SF-36), section III of the Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire, the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Tasks questionnaire, and self-administered Product and services relevant to the treatment and management of T2DM (eg, blood stress and glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) at baseline and 3–7 days later. When the DIAB-Q range structure was determined, its test–retest reliability, build validity, and known-teams validity were evaluated, and minimal clinically essential adjustment was estimated.
Results: In Phase I, the 23 respondents surveyed usually reported that the DIAB-Q was clear and comprehensive and endorsed questions as relevant to their intentions to engage in diabetes-related self-care activities. A lot of subjects in Phase II were male, Caucasian, and married. Mean age was 63 years. Factor analysis revealed 6 psychological constructs (Behavior, Planning, Intention, Perceived Behavioral Control, Attitude, and Subjective Norm). Test–retest reliability was acceptable (≥0.70) for all of scales, except Perceived Behavioral Control. build validity was demonstrated based on correlations along with diabetes-individual items/scales and the SF-36. Known-teams validity was confirmed for Behavior, Planning, and Intention as quickly as respondents were categorized in to teams that differed based on physique mass index, health problem severity, and HbA1c. Item scores were transformed to a 100-point scale, and minimal clinically essential adjustment estimates ranged from 6–11 points, representing the adjustment that would certainly be considered essential to a respondent.
Conclusion: The DIAB-Q is a brief, psychometrically sound, patient-reported outcome that can easily be used among people along with T2DM to evaluate intention to engage in self-care behaviors.
Keywords: diabetes, Theory of Planned Behavior, DIAB-Q, attitude, intention, behavior, patient-reported outcome, questionnaire
